Common Mistakes Made By Bankruptcy Filers and Their Attorneys - #6

6. Assuming all of a consumer’s debts are on their credit report.
  

Many consumers have no idea who they owe money to. Debtors and their attorney’s routinely rely on credit reports to provide the information for Schedules D, E & F. A lot of time this is okay but not always. Some medical providers, friends, relatives, ex-spouses, business associates, landlords, and many others don’t always report to the credit bureaus. In a no asset chapter 7 the debt may still be discharged but if one of these unlisted creditors years later suddenly sues on the debt it may be difficult to stop them. Few attorneys will take such a case on a contingency so debtors facing this situation may have to spend thousands of dollars defending themselves.
  
So, it is important for consumers filing bankruptcy to think back to anyone in the past who wasn’t paid or anyone who had a claim, whether the claim had merit or not. And they can't assume if a debt was written-off that they don’t have to worry about it. Writing off a debt is only an accounting entry and doesn’t prevent the creditor from trying to collect the debt. Nor does the statute of limitations make it unnecessary to list an old debt. Statute of limitations statutes are complicated. They can be tolled during bankruptcy or extended by the discovery rule or other statue. It doesn’t cost anything to list another debt, so it's not smart to hold back.

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Common Mistakes Made by Bankruptcy Filers and Their Attorneys - #5

5. Ignoring Creditor Collection Attempts after Filing and Discharge.

There are a number of mistakes that debtors and their bankruptcy attorneys make that often cause  problems after discharge or after their chapter 13 is confirmed. These mistakes often make it difficult to enforce the discharge or the automatic stay and can cause the debtor to suffer a serious financial loss.

It’s human nature to avoid embarrassment and conflict, if at all possible. So, it is not understandable that Debtors would ignore calls and letters from creditors after filing bankruptcy. They know the debt is no longer collectible, so they throw away the collection and letters and ignore the calls that keep on coming after filing and even, sometimes, after a discharge is received. This, however, is a mistake.

Some creditors intentionally ignore a bankruptcy notice hoping that the debtor can still be coerced to pay. Whether it is to buy peace, ease feelings of guilt, or believing it will help improve their credit, debtors will often pay discharged debt even though they have no obligation to do so. The problem with ignoring these illegal contacts after bankruptcy is that the creditors will just continue to harass the debtor with calls, letters, by illegally pulling their credit reports, and they may even report the debt as active and collectible to the credit bureaus.

These acts may prevent a debtor’s credit score from properly rebounding after filing bankruptcy and threaten the fresh start they were expecting. What all debtors should do is keep every letter or email received from creditors, document each phone call carefully and report these contacts to their attorneys.

There are various laws that protect bankruptcy filers from these types of illegal contacts, but they can only be successfully prosecuted if there is evidence to show the court and jury. The actual letters, telephone records and documentation of damages are all needed to prevail in bankruptcy court, in state courts, or the federal district courts.  But nothing will happen unless an attorney who handles these type claims is retained and he has the proof necessary to prevail.

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Common Mistakes by Debtors and Their Attorneys

There are a number of mistakes that debtors and their bankruptcy attorneys make that often cause  problems after discharge or after their chapter 13 is confirmed. These mistakes often make it difficult to enforce the discharge or the automatic stay and can cause the debtor to suffer a serious financial loss.

4. Failing to Surrender Real Property for Value in Chapter 13.

So many times clients have come to us complaining that their mortgage lenders or servicers are still trying to collect the debt discharged in their Chapter 13. But was the mortgage claim discharged? This very complex issue commonly occurs when a debtor files chapter 13, includes the arrearage in his Chapter 13 Plan but then changes his mind or can’t keep up with the payments and the stay is lifted. The attorney will, of course, modify the plan to allow for the surrender but often forget to state that the property is being surrendered for value. In other words it must be clear in the modification order that the deficiency claim will be discharged along with all of the other unpaid debts when the plan is completed. Although few lenders would try to collect this deficiency debt after the discharge, they often will continue to report the debt to the credit bureaus and pull the debtor’s credit reports. Since it is unclear if the debt is discharged there is not much that can be done to stop this collection effort and this clear invasion of privacy. The bottom line is debtor’s credit score may suffer and their personal financial information will be exposed. Since mortgage lenders often share information with other lenders there is no telling who will end up seeing it.

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Common Bankruptcy Mistakes by Debtors and their Attorneys



There are a number of mistakes that debtors and their bankruptcy attorneys make that often cause problems after discharge or after their chapter 13 is confirmed. These mistakes often make it difficult to enforce the discharge or the automatic stay and can cause the debtor to suffer a serious financial loss..

3. Failing to monitor proofs of claims and file them for creditors included in the chapter 13 plan who neglect or refuse to file them.

This can catastrophic. Just the other day a client told me her horror story. She filed chapter 13 and her plan was confirmed, but her auto lender failed to file a proof of claim so her car wasn’t paid through the plan as expected. When her plan paid out she discovered she still owed the full balance of her auto loan. It is true the debt is discharged but  the lien against the vehicle was still good. Her attorney should have reviewed the proofs of claim before the claim’s deadline and contacted any important creditors who hadn’t filed a proof of claim. If the creditor still didn’t file the proof of claim, the Debtor has the right to file it for them.

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Common Mistakes Made By Debtors and Their Attorneys

There are a number of mistakes that debtors and their bankruptcy attorneys make that often cause problems after discharge or after their chapter 13 is confirmed. These mistakes often make it difficult to enforce the discharge or the automatic stay and can cause the debtor to suffer a serious financial loss..

 

2. Failing to monitor returned chapter 13 payments after confirmation.

 

This most often occurs with property taxes. A debtor files bankruptcy and includes the home loan and delinquent property taxes. The plan is confirmed and everything seems fine. But a year or two down the road the mortgage company notices the property taxes are delinquent and elects to pay them. When the chapter 13 trustee sends a payment to the taxing authority it is returned because the mortgage company has already paid it. The following year the debtor gets a notice that his house payment has increased dramatically because there is an escrow shortage. The Chapter 13 Trustee usually sends the attorney a letter advising him that the payment was returned, but these letters are often ignored. If two or three years have gone by it’s a very difficult problem to resolve because the payments that should have gone to pay taxes are diverted to unsecured creditors. If this situation is handled immediately upon receipt of the trustee’s notice it is a problem that can be solved quickly without any permanent damage.

 

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Common Mistakes by Debtors and Their Attorneys

 

There are a number of mistakes that debtors and their bankruptcy attorneys make that cause serious  problems after their discharge or after their chapter 13 is confirmed. These mistakes often make it difficult to enforce the discharge injunction or the automatic stay and can cause the debtor to suffer a serious financial loss..

1. Failing to Send Notice to Late Added Creditors



One of the mistakes attorney's often make is failing to send the bankruptcy notice to creditors who are added after the initial filing. This can make it difficult to enforce the discharge injunction. We find this all the time. A new creditor is added and since the bankruptcy notice has already gone out the creditor doesn’t get notice of the bankruptcy. Although the creditor may get other notices or a copy of the discharge, the creditor has been deprived of its opportunity to attend the 341 meeting or file a proof of claim. Although the debt will probably still be discharged it will be hard to successfully prosecute a contempt action if the creditor continues to try to collect the debt. Invariably, the creditor will claim they didn’t get notice of the bankruptcy and we won’t be able to prove otherwise. The solution would be for the attorney to send the bankruptcy notice to late added creditors by certified mail, return receipt requested, so there will be  proof they got proper notice of the bankruptcy filing.

 

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Mortgage Servicing Rights: A Cash-Cow for Servicers But A Nightmare for Consumers.

 



A recent trend in the mortgage lending industry is the sale by banks and mortgage companies of the lucrative servicing rights on the loans in their portfolios. Special servicers like Nationstar and Ocwen are taking over the collection of mortgage payments, processing of modifications and the foreclosure and collection of delinquent accounts. This is probably a positive development  as  the banks and mortgage companies have been doing a horrible job at it.

 

Unfortunately, the assignment of servicing rights on a mortgage loan can cause the consumer much grief. I can't count the number of times that a client has complained that they were current on their mortgage until the servicing rights were transferred and they suddenly had to make payments to another company. Invariably in the transition a payment would get lost or delayed and then the collection letters would start, late charges applied and suddenly a perfectly good loan was in default.

 

A Chapter 13 bankruptcy is often the only way to cure a loan that is in default. Those who do not qualify for Chapter 13 must file Chapter 7 and reaffirm the debt or surrender their homes and get a discharge of the mortgage debt. These filers who surrender their homes, however, should carefully monitor their credit after their discharge as the original lender, the original servicer and the successor servicers quite often will continue to report the account to the credit bureaus. And successor servicers will often act like the loan is still collectable. With all these assignments it is not unusual to find  the original lender or servicer and the successor servicer reporting to the credit bureaus on the same loan and pulling credit reports when there is no longer any account relationship. This inaccurate reporting can significantly delay the recovery of a filer's credit score.

 

So, if you get a notice in the mail that the servicing rights on your home mortgage are being assigned to a new company be wary, monitor your credit reports carefully and if you find something that doesn't look right, seek professional help..

 

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